This is no longer the most common indication for tracheostomy, owing to the improvement in designs of intubating laryngoscopes and alternative management strategies. A temporary tracheostomy may be used as a permanent tracheostomy however there will still be a communication between the pharynx and the lower airway via the larynx. Tracheostomies may be temporary or permanent. 1 Chevalier Jackson described the principles of tracheostomy at the beginning of the 20 th century. Tracheostomy was performed in ancient Egypt and is one of the oldest surgical procedures. However, once the technique was perfected as a last resort in largely hopeless cases of diphtheria, the opportunities it offered for medical heroism ensured its place in the surgical armamentarium, such that Fabricius could write in the 17th century, “This operation redounds to the honor of the physician and places him on a footing with the Gods”. This technique of slashing the throat to save a life was known as semi-slaughter. ![]() The history of surgical access to the airway is largely one of condemnation. Tracheotomy refers to the surgical opening of the trachea while tracheostomy refers to the creation of a stoma at the skin surface, which leads to the trachea. When and why should tracheostomy tubes be routinely changed?.Which patients should have dual cannula tracheostomy tubes inserted?.What are the advantages and disadvantages of early tracheostomy in cases where prolonged mechanical ventilation is predicted?. ![]() What is the effect of a tracheostomy on anatomical deadspace and work of breathing?.
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